Sanwal Zeb

Optical networks form the backbone of the global communication infrastructure, connecting billions of people alongside countless autonomous devices, control systems, and machines. In Computer Networks, physical layer consists of set of components i.e. Network Elements (NEs) that enables end to end communication between sender and the recipient. A digital twin of a physical layer refers to a virtual replica of a physical system or process, used to simulate, analyze, and optimize the system's performance in real-time. The digital twin mirrors this physical system through data collection, sensors, and advanced modeling, and it can be used for various purposes, such as Monitoring, Simulation, Optimization and Maintenance. Also, we can optimize networks key features such as system cost, latency, dynamic reconfigurability, and energy efficiency are becoming increasingly critical for the next generation of access and metro networks.