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Here, we will build nanobioconjugate materials based on the enzyme formate dehydrogenase (FDH) and gold nanostars (AuNSt) and excite them with near-infrared (NIR) laser radiation to elucidate the plasmonic biocatalytic features involved in CO2 reduction and renewable fuel production. Our key goals include 1) the synthesis and characterization of plasmonic platforms with optimized LSPR modes, 2) the improved determination of reaction kinetics and selectivity in CO2 reduction reactions and renewable fuel production, and 3) the elucidation of the plasmonic mechanisms involving the transfer of charges (electrochemical processes), and heat (photothermal processes). The interdisciplinary collaboration between expert research groups in nanomaterials, plasmonics, and biocatalysis will drive significant advancements in the field, contributing to the transition to a low-carbon economy. Finally, by advancing the understanding and application of plasmonic biocatalysis, the breakthroughs that this research will enable have the potential to transform concepts in CO2 reduction technologies and contribute to producing renewable fuels at relevant scale.